Tuesday, June 7, 2022

The World is your Oyster

Congratulations Kane. Welcome to the real World. 

Congratulations to your parents as well for reaching a milestone every parent dreamt of. It’s a wonderful treat. 

As I remember when I graduated back in Uni, I have had no plans at all on what to do next. I wish that you have already planned out what you will be doing for the next chapter of your life. Just always remember that we are all in support for any endeavours you wish to pursue. The world is your oyster. Claim it. 

Whatever you learn from Uni is a plus but a forewarning, your journey has just begun. You will face a lot of challenges along the way for your own definition of success, criticism, heartbreak, failures, etc. I can assure you that it’s all part of your learnings, don’t fret on temporary setbacks and defeats, all are part of your mouldings to a better you. Your destiny awaits. 

You should absorb anything that life offers you in a positive manner. You are still young and bold; I firmly believe in your capacity to do more. Challenge yourself to supplement your passion to learn beyond your capabilities, your future starts now. 

Learn with compassion in every endeavour you undertake. What you have learned so far is just a small portion of things to come in your way. Embrace it. 

Learn to accept that not all you ever wanted will be given to you in a silver platter. You must work extra hard to achieve it. You have an amazing support team with you, it is alright to step back for a minute if you will feel burn out, life is not a race, your success is not a competition. Enjoy the journey and trust the process. Remember as well to be thankful to the one up there that you have been given an opportunity to progress. Pray and be always grateful of what you have right now. 

You will be earning heaps I reckon. And I believe you intend to work abroad and maximise your options. Go for it. It is there for your taking. But don’t let greed overcome you. As you are still young, at your gentle age, it is all about learnings, grab all the knowledge you can amass, and everything will fall into places as per your own liking. Discover and re-discover your passion repeatedly. Don’t stop and be contented, aim for more and you will be surprised of what you can achieve. 

But I wish that by now you have learned how to manage your earnings, that is one of the most common problems of OFW; how to manage your salary. Don’t get me wrong, please indulge yourself of things that make you happy, but make sure to save some for the rainy days. Know your priorities, focus on your goals. 

To close out, I would like to impart with you that don’t stop learning. And when I say learning, its not all about schooling and stuff, you have much more to accomplish, learn from other people and other intellects that will further advance your wisdom for future use. I would suggest reading more books for personal and professional growth. Volunteer, reach out to communities, join a civic organisation, and talk to the elderly, you will learn a lot from them that is not written or taught in school. Surround yourself with positive and like-minded people. Stand out. Be conspicuous, make yourself a magnet of attention. Use the wisdom, knowledge and legwork of other people to further your own cause. Only create associations with positive affinities. Make this a rule of life and you will benefit more than from all the therapy in the world. 

Lastly, relax and enjoy life. It is sometimes scary, but eventually you will discover much more in life has to offer. Work for your passion and enjoy the journey. 

Kudos Kane. Job well done. 

Cheers. 

Ninong Dhey 

Saturday, April 2, 2022

Reflective Leadership Journal

Reflective Leadership Journal 

 

Report

 

I consider myself to have an extensive knowledge in the field of Power Plant operations and maintenance; having had been trained by Japanese engineers from construction, commissioning and operations and maintenance of a huge Power Plant back in the Middle east. The experience that I have had acquired through the years from my guides were both rewarding and enriching. 

 

Looking back at my Zero moment, I must say that I have come a long way. 

 

It was a traumatic incident that still haunts me, on a Power Plant operations point of view. I was young, with no firm grasp of the knowledge and experience compared to my colleagues. I was intimidated with their achievements and experience compared to my budding career as a power plant operator. Later, I realise that with much passion I have had invested in learning, reading, asking questions and my eagerness to be at par with them, did I realise that I am already at their level, I just didn’t realise that yet during those times. Any operator could easily walk out or flipped out or black out upon having one section of the Power Plant exploded; but I was there, I owned up and brought back the Power Plant in working order. 

 

It may have been one of my zero moments in my life but that instance, looking back, have had developed me so far in my career as a power plant professional. I feel sorry, probably feeling guilty, for not really standing up to my manager for what is right and what I was trained to do; I feel intimidated and tends to be silent when higher authority gives instructions. I have learned and flex my muscles now to stand firm on what my knowledge and experiences suggests. This is evident with my Hero Moments, wherein I am willing to walk-away from a job passion that has taken toll to my mental health. A decision that is both personal and professionally considered. 

 

Browsing back to my diary entries, I have observed that I am more engaged in helping others, to the best of my ability. I am more supportive to my colleagues first and share my insights and knowledge/experience for everyone’s benefit. Probably a trait that goes a long way from our family ancestry. I believe that I am more a supporter than a leader. I believe that the leadership in me always takes a backseat when I see and feel that some other guys are more competitive than me. I am more than happy to support people, teammates, colleague to achieve our common goals and more than happy to advocate for them. Nevertheless, I have noticed that, under pressure, and if the occasion calls for it, my leadership qualities are naturally coming through. From the learning curve I have experienced from my zero moment, and to my hero moment which I feel I have had handled just fine, not perfect but I can live with that. 

 

I never knew about me having a paradoxical mindset, but from the attached survey in Session 7: “Do you have a paradox mindset?” To my surprise, I got 18. When I was younger, I really don’t want conflicts and misunderstanding. But I like the idea of being the one to solve a problem. To be the centre of attention. People struggle under pressure, and I believe I am not one of those. With both personal and professional experiences, I can say that I am not easily broken.  

 

 

Reflect 

 

As an experienced Power Plant Control Room Operator, I am trained to investigate all facets of Power Plant Operations; including projections of Power Requirement and how to handle sudden abrupt power load requirement. With this trait, going to the course, I am confident that I can adapt well to said subject. I was mistaken. Evidently, I did not perform well as I thought I should have. 

 

As per the first exercise (farmer’s activity), it is really my nature to help and volunteer, especially if its in my capacity to help-out. My mindset was clear taking up the course, I should be openly friendly, adaptively active, and focused. The process requires active and effective leadership on the path to success. (Bason & Austin; 2019) As I volunteered, I was instructed to just relay two rules during the exercise and not to give more. To which I was so close to helping them to solve the riddle. I was thinking that if I am the one solving the problem, I have had already solved it easily. But then again given that I knew about the problem and the solution, I could be bias. 

 

During the Inventing workshop, about the inverted plastic cups and table knives, I was so frustrated with myself because I know the riddle, I believe I have watched it beforehand, but I gave way to my group mates who obviously was enjoying the exercise. I was thinking another way of solving the problem; putting a new point of view on how to solve it, sort of thinking outside the box. 

 

During the snake and ladders improvement exercise, my patience almost ran out because I felt my ideas were being ridicule and neglected; especially upon seeing the make-face of one of my groupmates. I was treating the snake and ladder improvement to be simple and direct, with no fancy items to be included. Afterall, it is not about the game itself but the bonding between a father and his daughter. But looking at the eyes of my groupmate, I can see that they want to prove a point and impress the instructor. So, I let them be and act as a coordinator on what they wanted to achieve. Conflict and Tension is necessary for innovation. (Nyberg & Moliterno; 2019) It turns out that they have a much better idea than I have in mind, nevertheless, it was supposed to be a group activity, every opinion should have mattered.

 

When given a task, I always start-of on top of my mind with the 5 W: Who, what, when, where, why (and how); as with these questions, it will bring clarity on how to go about with the task. During the “trap in the cavern” exercise, I was again trying to think outside the box scenario, suggesting to rather dig up to escape than to work our way out through unmarked North-South-East-West, where North and South have poisonous gas. That didn’t go well. The Juxtaposition: My vision and the current reality don’t really appeal to the professor. 

 

As the instructor was getting weary of our progress, I began thinking of the materials available and from my time in physics, a battery can be used as compass, but I forgot how to, that’s why I was hesitant to lead the group. In the end, we’re all dead in the exercise as no one have sold the riddle and the instructor got frustrated. The instructor was frustrated not because we did not solve the riddle but rather, he was frustrated because he hasn’t exercised what he is teaching us all along, engagement with your peers. We were all dumbfounded on our backs on what shall we do. I am equally frustrated as well since I have a background for this kind of stuff but obviously did not utilize it well. I any case, now I know how to use a battery for a compass. 



Reframe 

 

Sloan Distributed Leadership Model suggests four capabilities: sensemaking, relating, visioning, and inventing. I believe I am still on the process of finding where I am good at. I really don’t worry much about being consistent (W.K. Smith et al.; 2016) Though through this assignment, through self-reflecting, it gave me a better understanding on where I accomplish much, and what is needed for improvement. Being a power plant operator, I believe I am good in sensemaking. Having had the experience and exposure to clearly navigate through various components of the power plant for a smooth operation, part of my job is to sense and adjust certain power plant parameters for a more efficient and safe manner of power plant operations. As evident on my Zero moments, I have become an expert in power generation through experience in the field. I have learned to incorporate analytical situation that may involve catastrophic events and failures and prevent it from happening. 

 

I have a reason to believe that I need to improve on my relating. From the class exercises, I really need to improve my advocacy, advocating my opinions and ideas, I should really exert more effort into it. I should learn how to impose my disposition in getting across my views and ideas, not to just stay silent and wait for others to come up with their ways of solving problems. I may have the best solution, but it will be in vain if I will keep mum about it. 

 

From DE5, I can attest that I have a good sense of visioning. There is already a risk assessment @ Pinjar Power Plant Operators going on shifts, but it did not mention any night lights being turned-on during the night as the plant were previously unmanned hence night lights are not important. I have submitted a proposal that night lights should be automatically turned on during the night, but I have received no response. Then I have re-submitted the proposal but this time with safety implications and hazards involved without a night light. The response was accepted with high priority and urgent. And earned me a recognition for safety initiative. In Risk Assessment, we have been trained to potentially combined efforts in identifying and analysing potential events in our workplace thus a clear sense of visioning is involved. 

 

I find it interesting that sometimes my creative mind somehow impresses me. Though I really need to set my mind straight to achieve this feat. I always look for simple things to solve any problem, just like going back to basics in dealing with complicated dilemma. As Steve Jobs would put it: Simple is best. (S. Jobs; 2011) Back in the Snake and Ladder re-inventing exercise, my idea was to incorporate a truth or consequences concept, wherein a player who will roll a dice on a snake box will pick a consequences card and will do said consequence. Whilst a truth card will be pick if a player rolled into a ladder box. The truth or consequences card will be pre-determined by both players and shall comprise fun memories enjoyed by both father and Daughter. As the objective of the game really is to have a longer bonding between a father and his daughter. Eventually my idea was scrapped, and the group opted to a more complicated re-invention of the game. 

 

With a score of 18, I must have a paradox mindset. As a seasoned Power Plant Operator, I am trained to always study the cause and effect of the adjustments made in power plant parameters. Most of the time, an adjustment made from the Generator have an adverse effect on the Electrical Grid. Hence a balancing act between Generators and Electric Grid Frequency are required to have a smooth operation. This is my day-to-day responsibility, and I would like to believe that I am good at it. 


 

Redesign 

 

From my zero moments, clearly, I need to improve my advocacy skills. I need to understand my failure, and lack thereof, my advocacy skills. Enthusiasm to ensure the right lessons are learned and remedies are employed. (Edmonson; 2011) The conversation palette has given me the insight on where to start in developing my advocacy skills. (Senge; 1994)

 

From my zero moments, I should have been firm and exercise my advocacy to stop the maintenance procedure on the steam turbine and insist to my manager that the best way to proceed on the maintenance was to shutdown the Turbine to avoid unnecessary problem. I should have clearly had emphasis on the dangers involved in maintaining the turbine whilst in operation. In retrospect, my skills in identifying a problem, both risks and hazards, is a strength to cherish with. 

 

I should really stop making excuses and let other people lead while deep inside I know that I can do better. As they say, be the leader you are born to be. Regardless of failures and mistakes, the important thing is that you stand up and take the lead. You may fail or you may succeed, at least you tried and gained experience from it. 

 

 

 

 

 

 





















 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

REFERENCE

 

Christian Bason; Robert D. Austin; (2019); The right way to lead design thinking; p. 86; Harvard Business Review; Harvard Business School Publishing 

 

Anthony J. Nyberg; Thomas P. Moliterno; (2019); Handbook of Research on Strategic Human Capital Resources: Human resource management strategy and practice: from individual motivation to dynamic capabilities; p. 190 

 

Wendy K. Smith, Marianne W. Lewis; Michael L. Tushman; (2016); “Both/And” Leadership; p. 64; Harvard Business Review; Harvard Business School Publishing 

 

Steve Jobs; (1998); Interview in Business Week; Bloomberg; 25 May 1998 

 

Amy C. Edmondson; (2011); Strategies for leaning from failure; Harvard Business review: we are programmed at an early age to think that failure is bad. That belief prevents organisation from effectively learning from their missteps; p. 54

 

Peter Senge, et al.; (1994); The fifth discipline fieldbook: strategies and tools for building a leaning organisation

Sunday, March 27, 2022

How to control Power Factor

 What is Power Factor? 

Power Factor is an expression of energy efficiency. It is usually expressed as a percentage; and the lower the percentage the less efficient power usage is. 

Power Factor expresses the ratio of true power used in a circuit to the apparent power delivered to the circuit. A 96% power factor demonstrates more efficiency than a 75% power factor. Power Factor below 95% is considered inefficient. 

Power Factor is the measure if how effectively your business uses its electricity. It is the ratio of real power (MW) to apparent power (MVAR). A site with low power factor draws more apparent power than real power (importing). So, if your power factor is low, you may be paying more than you need to for your electricity. 

How to Control Power Factor

1.)   Before synchronizing the Generator to the Grid, check OLTC setting; OLTC default setting is 13  

2.)   Upon synchronizing the Generator to the Grid, adjust the OLTC as per Voltage of the Grid. A corresponding HV is set vs LV. 

3.)   If the Step-up Transformer Voltage is higher than the Grid, reactive power will be exporting and if Step-up Transformer Voltage is lower than the Grid, reactive power will be importing. 

4.)   Ideally power factor is to be set at unity 1 but it is difficult to achieve. This is due to varying reactive power from various motors connected to the grid. 

5.)   Importing and Exporting of Power Factor affects 52G Circuit Breaker; Monitor the Amperes of the Circuit Breaker upstream to the Grid. Take note of the tripping setpoint of the Circuit Breaker on Current. 

6.)   If importing reactive power, increase Generator Voltage 

7.)   If exporting reactive power, decrease Generator Voltage 

8.)   Monitor closely Grid frequency during Generator Voltage variation 

9.)   If the Generator Voltage is maxed out whilst increasing/decreasing, it is time to change the tap:

a.     Lower Tap Position > Higher Generator Voltage

b.     Higher Tap Position < Lower Generator Voltage

10.) If the Tap Position of the Step-up Transformer is maxed out, and the Generator Voltage is still far off to the Grid, asked Western Power to energize their Capacitor Bank 

11.)  Otherwise, Operator can adjust the Grid Voltage by asking other Power Plant (Bigger Plant) to minimise their Step-up Transformer to a sustainable Grid Voltage. 

Logic example: 

Say the grid voltage is at 135.6 kV, we should aim to produce the same Voltage or higher by selecting the appropriate Tap Position corresponding to the Grid Voltage. If Generation is not greater or lower than the grid voltage, we will be importing reactive power and subsequently dropping our power factor in the process and minimising our generation due to high import of reactive power. Furthermore, high import of reactive power will cause overheating of Generator Stator end winding and high operation cost. Generator Efficiency will be diminished. 

 

1, 2 SUT 

Tap Position

HV 

HV amps @ 67.5 MVA 

HV Amps @ 90 MVA 

LV 

1

151800

257

342

11000

 

2

150150

260

346

3

148500

263

350

4

146850

266

254

5

145200

269

358

6

143550

272

362

7

141900

275

366

8

140250

279

371

9

138600

282

375

10

136950

285

379

11

135300

289

384

12

133650

292

389

13

132000

296

394[ds1] 

14

130350

300

399

15

128700

304

404

16

127050

308

409

17

125400

311

414

 

3, 4 SUT 

Tap Position

HV 

HV amps @ 67.5 MVA 

HV Amps @ 90 MVA 

LV 

1

151800

257

342

11000

 

2

150150

260

346

3

148500

263

350

4

146850

266

254

5

145200

269

358

6

143550

272

362

7

141900

275

366

8

140250

279

371

9

138600

282

375

10

136950

285

379

11

135300

289

384

12

133650

292

389

13

132000

296

394[ds2] 

14

130350

300

399

15

128700

304

404

16

127050

308

409

17

125400

311

414

 

4, 5 SUT 

Tap Position

HV 

HV amps @ 67.5 MVA 

HV Amps @ 90 MVA 

LV 

1

151800

257

342

11000

 

2

150150

260

346

3

148500

263

350

4

146850

266

254

5

145200

269

358

6

143550

272

362

7

141900

275

366

8

140250

279

371

9

138600

282

375

10

136950

285

379

11

135300

289

384

12

133650

292

389

13

132000

296

394[ds3] 

14

130350

300

399

15

128700

304

404

16

127050

308

409

17

125400

311

414

 

7 SUT 

Tap Position

HV 

@ 67.5 MVA 

@ 90 MVA 

LV 

1

151800

257

342

11000

 

2

150150

260

346

3

148500

263

350

4

146850

266

354

5

145200

269

358

6

143550

272

362

7

141900

275

366

8

140250

279

371

9

138600

282

375

10

136950

285

379

11

135300

289

384

12

133650

292

389

13

132000

300

399[ds4] 

14

130350

304

404

15

128700

308

409

16

127050

308

409

17

125400

311

414

 

9 SUT 

Tap Position

HV 

ONAN 

ONAF 

LV 

1

151800

380

532

11000

 

2

150150

385

536

3

148500

389

544

4

146850

393

550

5

145200

398

557

6

143550

402

563

7

141900

407

570

8

140250

412

576

9

138600

417

583

10

136950

422

590

11

135300

427

597

12

133650

432

605

13

132000

437

612[ds5] 

14

130350

443

620

15

128700

449

628

16

127050

454

636

17

125400

460

645

 

11 SUT 

Tap Position 

HV 

ONAN 

ONAF 1

ONAF 2 

LV 

1

151800

323

399

532

15000

2

150150

327

404

538

3

148500

330

408

544

4

146850

334

413

550

5

145200

338

418

557

6

143550

342

422

563

7

141900

346

427

570

8

140250

350

432

576

9

138600

354

437

583

10

136950

358

443

590

11

135300

383

448

597

12

133650

367

454

605

13

132000

372

459

612[ds6] 

14

130350

376

465

620

15

128700

381

471

628

16

127050

386

477

636

17

125400

391

483

545

 

9 Step down Auxiliary Tx – 11kV to 3.3 kV 

Tap Position 

HV 

LV 

1

11825

3450

2

11550

3

11275

4

11000[ds7] 

5

10725

6

10450

7

10175

 

9 Step Down Auxiliary Tx – 3.3kV to 415V 

Tap Position 

HV 

LV 

1

3548

433

2

3465

3

3382

4

3300[ds8] 

5

3218

6

3135

7

3052

 

9 Unit Transformer 

Tap Position 

HV

LV 

1

23100

415

2

22550

415

3

22000

415[ds9] 

4

21450

415

5

20900

415

 

11 Unit Transformer 

Tap Position 

HV

LV 

1

15750

6900

2

15375

6900

3

15000

6900[ds10] 

4

14625

6900

5

14250

6900

 

·       Over Excitation Limit (OEL) = limits the generator operating in the overexcited region to within the generator capabilities curve.

·       Under Excitation Limit (UEL) = prevents the AVR from reducing excitation to such a low level that the generator is in danger of losing synchronism, exceeding machine under-excited capability or tripping due to exceeding the loss of excitation protection setting.

o   Typical setting of OEL and UEL is 5% of Generator Voltage rating 

 

MVAR 

 

LEADING

 

LAGGING

 

·      Operate within the region of Stator Winding 

·      MVAR > 0 = Lagging 

·      MVAR < 0 = Leading 

·      MVAR = 0 = Unity 

LEADING = Capacitive Load 

LAGGING = Inductive Load 

 

 

 

Generator Protective Device 

Function Numbers

Description

15

Synchroniser 

21

Distance Protection / Back-up for System general zone phase faults

24

V / Hz Protection 

25

Synch Check Protection 

27

Under Voltage

32

-        Reverse Power Protection 

-        Anti-motoring for Generator 

40

Loss of field Protection 

46

Stator unbalanced Circuit Protection 

49

Stator Thermal Protection 

50B

Instantaneous over current Protection 

51 GN

Time over current protection / Back-up for Generator Ground Faults 

51 TN

Time over current protection / Back-up for ground fault 

51 V

Voltage controlled time over current protection 

59

Over voltage protection 

59 BG

Zero sequencing Voltage protection 

59 GN

-        Voltage Protection 

-        Ground fault protection for Generator 

60

Voltage Balance Protection (Protection for Blown Fuse) 

61

Time over current protection 

62 B

Breaker Failure Protection 

64 F

Primary protection for rotor ground fault 

78

Loss of synchronization protection 

81

Over and under frequency protection 

86

Hand reset lock-out auxiliary relay 

87 B

Primary phase-out fault protection for generator 

87 GN

Sensitive ground fault protection for generator 

87 T

Differential protection for Transformer 

87 U

Differential protection for overall unit protection of generator and transformer 

94

Self-reset auxiliary tripping relay 

 


 [ds1]Default Tap Position 

 [ds2]Default Tap Position 

 [ds3]Default Tap Position 

 [ds4]Default Tap Position 

 [ds5]Default Tap Position 

 [ds6]Default Tap Position 

 [ds7]Default Tap Position 

 [ds8]Default Tap Position 

 [ds9]Default Tap Position 

 [ds10]Default Tap Position 

A Son Never Forgets

Before moving to Australia in 2014, I spent a decade working in the Middle East, from 2004 to 2014. I held the position of Lead Power Contro...